This book is intended to bring to a wider audience research concerned with the significant influences on the quality of mathematics learning taking place in schools. The four essays are: (1) "Influences From Society" (Alan Bishop); (2) "The Socio-cultural Context of Mathematical Thinking: Research Findings and Educational…

This volume compiles articles based on the presentations delivered at two conferences. The conferences presented a multidisciplinary overview of research on children's play in different cultural contexts. The articles are grouped under six subheadings: play in the family context, play in the zone of proximal development, play in the kindergarten,…

This document provides information about selected materials related to perinatal substance abuse. Materials include books, reports, directories, and other items issued from 1987 to 1991. Most citations provide author, title, date, contact, ordering information, and a brief abstract. The resource guide describes 13 materials from state and local…

The aim of this issue of "Children in the Tropics" is to describe work that may be done by a motivated health team having only the strict minimum of material resources. While not a handbook of obstetrics, this text serves as a reminder of basic information and procedures workers must be able to perform. Following a review of the…

Early in the 21st century, Hispanic Americans will become the largest U.S. ethnic minority. By 2050, the Hispanic, or Latino, population is projected to number around 100 million and constitute 25% of the U.S. population, up from 11% in 1996. This "Population Bulletin" looks at three aspects of the U.S. Hispanic population: (1) their…

The "Bulletin of the Caucus on Social Theory and Art Education" is an annual publication, with each issue devoted to a unified theme. This issue (divided into four parts) offers thought-provoking articles on modern art, educational ideology and curriculum, elitism versus populism, socially oriented reviews of major art education textbooks, and…

This booklet consists primarily of book summaries about research projects sponsored by the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) that have been recently completed. The summaries are arranged by research programs and include 15 reports about food systems and society, 13 about political participation, 6 on refugees, and 2…

This article adopts a motivational stance in identifying factors that strongly predict physical activity in children. One model for understanding physical activity motivation in children portrays the sources and consequences of self-esteem for physical activity behavior (perceived competency/adequacy, social support, enjoyment, and physical…

This report examines the immediate and underlying causes of malnutrition in the developing world. The first section discusses the effects of malnutrition on childhood development and examines the efficacy of nutritional rehabilitation. The second section addresses the medical effects of severe malnutrition, including the onset of ponderostatural…

The objects collected and displayed by museums may be connected with famous people, made by exceptional artists, natural specimens, or simple ordinary things that show what everyday life was like for most people. All these objects offer unique ways to learn about life in the United States and the world. In 1996 the Smithsonian Institution…

This data brief contains statistics on graduate enrollment of women and minorities in science and engineering. The data is presented in three charts that provide information on the number of graduate students in science and engineering by sex from 1980-96, minority graduate enrollment in science and engineering by race and ethnicity of U.S.…

Efforts to prevent mental retardation have been encumbered by lack of scientific and technical knowledge, vague understanding of incidence and prevalence, and scarcity of resources to implement effective public policies. Scientific and social progress toward prevention has pursued a wavelike, erratic course, driven primarily by prevailing social,…

Implications of recent developments in refugee outflow from Indochina demand a reexamination of American policy on Indochinese refugees. These developments include patterns of increased Vietnamese and Laotian refugee outflow despite Vietnam's disapproval of departure and Laos' liberalizing economic policies; the greater influx of "low…

In 1980, Oregon Research Institute implemented Programs to Advance Teen Health (PATH), a smoking prevention program that helps seventh and ninth graders learn to resist social pressures to smoke. This report describes PATH and discusses the reasons behind its smoking prevention strategy. The report first notes the importance of preventing…

Recognizing the importance of health care during the perinatal period, the topic for this issue of "Children in the Tropics" is prenatal development; this issue is intended for health educators for use in educating their clients about prenatal development, health care during pregnancy, labor and delivery, and the needs of the mother and…