This action research project implemented and assessed a program to improve student behavior. Participants were fourth-grade students in a growing middle class community in northern Illinois. The problem of inappropriate behaviors was documented by means of a behavior checklist, student survey, teacher anecdotal record, and student yes/no reflection sheet. Analysis of probable cause data indicated that increased class size, student mobility, limited opportunity for students' activity outside the classroom, and unclear and inconsistent consequences school-wide for student misbehaviors may be contributing factors. Review of the literature revealed that changing family structures, negative media influence, and traditional competitive classroom climate are also probable causes. A review of solution strategies resulted in the selection of three major categories of intervention: literature-based activities to introduce social skills, direct instruction of social skills, and cooperative activities to practice skills. Post-intervention data indicated a decrease in inappropriate behaviors when students worked with one another. There was in increase in the targeted social skills of equal participation, praising, flexibility, and on-task behavior. (Eight appendices include a behavior checklist, a teacher letter/survey, results of the teacher and student surveys, student reflective log and yes/no reflection sheet, and sample lessons. Contains 25 references.) (Author/AA)