The following Action Research Project Report is to improve the oral reading fluency of the 4th and 5th grade students with learning disabilities. The targeted population participating in this study consisted of a total of ten participants of which five were 4th grade students and five were 5th grade students located in a middle class community…

The sex role development of 3- and 4-year-old middle- and lower-class Mexican American and Anglo American males was compared. The sample consisted of 15 Mexican Americans and 15 Anglo Americans of low socioeconomic status (SES) and 15 Mexican Americans and 15 Anglo Americans of middle SES from day-care centers and nursery schools. Approximate SES…

This paper presents the history of parent education in the United States and describes a mother-toddler program designed to help young mothers acquire knowledge and skills in child rearing through modeling, counseling and discussion. Included are reviews of current methods of education for child rearing, the need for programs to aid young parents,…

The purpose of this study was to examine the socializing effect the viewing of adult-oriented commercials has on young children of differing socioeconomic backgrounds. The subjects, 227 children in the first, second, and third grades, included 109 lower-socioeconomic-level black children and 118 white children representing upper-middle-income…

This study investigated whether summer vacation accounts for more of the reading achievement gap between minority and non-minority children than does the school year. To test for the summer effect, the reading subtests of the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills were administered to approximately 1,200 fifth-grade children in 15 public schools in…

This study describes certain characteristics of early readers, with emphasis on their accomplishments on eight Piagetian tasks. The early readers were defined as those children who were between four and six years old, who could read at the pre-primer level or higher, and who had not attended elementary school. The population of the study consisted…

This study was designed to ascertain whether reading achievement and attitude toward reading of students in grades two, four, and six can be improved through implementation of a token system within regular reading programs. Two schools were assigned to the experimental and two to the control treatment, with an equal number of classrooms from the…

During the spring of 1971, the political attitudes of middle-class Mexican Americans in the El Paso (Texas) area were surveyed. An 86-item questionnaire was administered to 187 people in six area Councils of the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), four posts of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), and one area Council of the Knights…

A total of 138 middle-class first graders in two parochial schools were studied to determine whether a phonics reading approach was superior to a contextual reading approach in reading achievement, whether auditory learners achieve in reading to a greater extent than visual learners, and whether auditory or visual learners achieve in one program…

This document discusses a program designed to decrease students' off-task behaviors in order to help create a positive learning environment. The targeted population consisted of elementary students from two midwestern communities. Children attended schools in both lower-middle class and upper-middle class schools. The problem of off-task behavior…

This study investigated children's perceptions of sex roles as they are portrayed in traditional and nontraditional children's stories. Subjects were 60 white, middle-class, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old children. Tape-recorded stories and questions (investigator-designed) specifically examined: (1) distinction of mother and father roles in parallel…

The purpose of this study was to apply a theory of latent culture to describe the role of middle class black parents and students in effecting change in an elite educational organization and to use Schein's conceptual model of the Kurk Lewin paradigm of the change process (Unfreezing--Changing--Refreezing) to analyze this process over a three year…

This study of the Freedom Schools of San Francisco's Chinatown investigated cultural and linguistic reasons for the community's withdrawal of support of the majority political system decision to desegrregated its public elementary schools. The dissertation tested alternative hypotheses focusing on middle class academic values espoused by the…

Twenty primary grade teachers of inner-city, lower class, Afro-American students and 20 primary grade teachers of suburban middle class white students were interviewed using George A. Kelly's 'Rep Test' technique, in order to elicit the categories or constructs through which they customarily perceived their students. Two judges applied content…

This study examined the effects of sex, structure, and social interaction on 18 white middle class children, nine boys and nine girls, attending a daycare center. The children were observed over a 6-week period during a 2 1/2-hour free-play time. Results showed that both sexes equally apportion all types of free-play time behavior, show the same…