The present study investigated relationships between cognitive components of children's sex-role development and the bases of their attributions of sex-stereotypes to a particular gender. Specifically, it was predicted that the number of sex-stereotypes children correctly attributed would be significantly related to gender differences between the figures used in the task and not to the size of the stimulus figure, children's level of gender constancy, or their sex. Further, it was predicted that highly gender schematic children would be more accurate in attributing sex-typed activities to males and females than would less gender schematic children. A total of 83 children 27 to 63 months of age completed interviews assessing (1) knowledge of sex-role stereotypes, beliefs in stereotype flexibility, and understanding of gender constancy, and (2) toy preferences and their degree of gender schematization, and use of physical size as a basis for attributing sex-stereotypes. Results indicated that degree of gender schematization was predictive of accuracy in children's attributions of sex-stereotypes to both males and females. In contrast, stage of gender constancy was not predictive of any of the major dependent variables. It is concluded that the findings offer further evidence of the importance of gender schemata in early sex-role development. (Author/RH)