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Stevens, Floraline I. – 1984
An urban school district affected by testing in the effective schools context is described in order to provide examples of the effects of testing on teaching and the curriculum. The report describes the method of operationalizing the effective schools research using test information. An important catalyst to improving the instructional program was…
Descriptors: Community Involvement, Criterion Referenced Tests, Curriculum Development, Educational Testing
Bond, Linda A. – 1996
Tests can be categorized into two major groups: norm-referenced tests (NRTs) and criterion-referenced tests (CRTs). NRTs are designed to highlight achievement differences between and among students to produce a dependable rank order of students across a continuum of achievement from high achievers to low achievers. With NRTs, a representative…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Criterion Referenced Tests, Elementary Secondary Education, National Norms
Williams, Paul L. – 1989
Both norm-referenced and criterion-referenced interpretations of student, school, district, and state testing data can be improved by customizing the traditional norm-referenced test. Improvements that can be made include: (1) increasing the relevance of the test to the curriculum and (2) having greater confidence in the national comparative…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Criterion Referenced Tests, Elementary Secondary Education, Norm Referenced Tests
Williams, Warren S.; Beard, Joseph W. – 1983
This review of literature from the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) database is the second volume on the topic of testing and assessment for the counseling professional; the first volume was published in 1979. The sections on minimum competency tests identify issues of current interest, e.g., the basic issue of definition; the…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Basic Skills, Criterion Referenced Tests, Educational Assessment