Discusses the manipulation of various grammatical devices in a Spanish short story. Points out that variations in the use of verbal aspect mark stages in the development of the plot and that modal and lexical choices reinforce its reflexive and repetitive nature. Argues that this story exemplifies creative use of grammatical choices. (13…

Grammar is not a four-letter word. Learning vocabulary is not a form of punishment. They are the basis of any language, and a student who wants more than a tourist's booklet of useful phrases will need to learn them sooner or later. The second edition of this popular little book takes the sting out of the exercise and even makes it a pleasant…

Discusses a method that enables students of English to classify and organize their lexical capital by using triangles to diagram sentences. How to inscribe a sentence in a triangle is explained and illustrated. (CFM)

Argues that functional categories instantiated in the learners' first language (L1) transfer to the initial state of second language syntactic development. On the basis of Zulu interlanguage data on acquisition of the obligatory declarative complementizer "ukuthi" (that) by English native speakers, argues that Comp contains a null…

By comparing Russian and English on the phonological and grammatical levels, guidelines are offered for teachers of English as a second language to Russian students. (CFM)

Ten units containing 86 structural objectives make up this volume of instructional materials for the first year to year and a half of teaching English as a second language to Navajo children. The Navajo Area Language Arts Project (NALAP) materials, intended to present a sequence of English grammatical structures based on specific language and…

This instructor's manual accompanies the student text, "Italian (Programmed), Volume 1," which covers virtually the entire sound system of the Italian language and introduces the basic grammatical categories (gender, number, unit noun markers, person, and tense). The manual contains the instructions on how to use the materials and the following…

The teacher's manual for the Aymara materials includes: phonology exercises, for use in improving pronunciation when needed; indexes of all volumes, including cross-indexes; grammatical, pedagogical, and cultural notes for each unit; supplementary exercises, concentrating on verb forms and material essential to the mastery of these forms; answer…

Building on structural objectives in Book One, the 96 objectives in Book Two of the Navajo Area Language Arts Project (NALAP) provide instructional material for an additional one to one and one-half years of teaching English as a second language to Navajo children. The materials, intended to give a sequence of English grammatical structures based…

This summary gathers together for easy reference the inflected forms of Literary Sinhala together with a transliteration guide to the writing system. This work differs, therefore, from the authors' previous work, "Literary Sinhala" (1974), which presented the inflected forms in a pedagogical sequence. In this summary, the inflected forms…

Discusses the value of the mystery story in the language class as a source for a variety of exercises and assignments in which students can use grammatical constructions in a natural context. (CFM)

This booklet consists of a list of instructional objectives and a content outline for the beginning and intermediate levels of the Montgomery County (Maryland) public ESL program. The publication was prepared to identify performance objectives and to provide guidelines for teachers and administrators, both for teaching and for forming realistic…

Given the series of activities included in this module on the importance of cultural context in the teaching of second languages, the participant should be able to: (a) prepare a culturally relevant grammatical exercise for a specific group of Puerto Rican Spanish-speakers, (b) list several possible activities for using the learner's cultural…

This study is one of a number of investigations undertaken to prepare the groundwork for the introduction of a language learning system for adults. The language material to be learned will be organized into units and a learner will be awarded a specified number of credits on completion of each unit. The contents are to be defined with reference to…

The instructor's manual accompanying the student text "FSI Portuguese Programmatic Course" has two functions: it offers the teacher suggestions as to how to use the student text, and it provides a guide to the recorded portions of the student text. The guide contains a script for all of the Portuguese that has been recorded and does not already…