Describes a framework for child-centered programs. Topics discussed include teacher attitudes, the classroom environment, lesson plans, conversation, observation, perspective-taking, and teacher self-reflection. (RJC)

Describes techniques which enable high school teachers to use German in their classes as a means of communication and not just as an abstract problem for students to master. Covers using different media techniques, students as teachers, different approaches to the textbook, culture materials, and oral interview tests. (EKN)

Spatial and temporal factors in the bilingual classroom that can be manipulated to maximize the bilingualism of Spanish-speaking elementary school children (that is, to minimize their lexical code switching) are presented in terms of models. The advantages and disadvantages of the dual language teaching model are compared to those of two…