Anton Makarenko became a national hero for effecting education for communism in the 1920s. His book, "The Road to Life," is an artistic achievement and the most widely read and influential work on education in the Soviet Union. But Makarenko's legacy is more myth than model in present-day Russia. (Author/SJL)

In 1929, the state-operated West Virginia Training School was established "for the treatment and training of mentally defective boys and girls." Renamed the Colin Anderson Center in 1965 after a compassionate superintendent, the rural school served up to 541 resident children, operated a half-way house for departing residents, and…

Examines the "Little Papers" newspapers at 19th-century residential schools for deaf persons, investigating their content and format in an effort to discern some of the uses of this press in the late 19th century. (SR)

Oralism, which teaches lip reading and speech instead of American Sign Language (ASL), was hostile to deaf culture in the early 1900s. Deaf resistance to oralism solidified the deaf community through support of deaf teachers; establishment of deaf newspapers, clubs, and churches; and production of sign-language films and dictionaries. (Contains 60…

Describes the career and methods of A. S. Makarenko, revered in the Soviet Union for his successful work with children abandoned in the Civil War (1918-1921). Evolution of his theories in later Soviet education is traced and comparisons made with institutions for homeless or delinquent youth in other countries. (SJL)

The history of education of the deaf in Canada is traced. Recent trends include: preschool home visiting programs, extension services for hearing-impaired children, vocational programs in existing schools, support programs in junior colleges, separate units for multihandicapped deaf children, and teacher training programs affiliated with a…

Traces the Canadian Indian residential school movement from its beginnings in the 1830s. Describes emerging negative response of both the government and Indian parents. Notes that the initial goal of assimilation has produced graduates who have led the struggle for Native identity. (NEC)