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Direct linkChen, Dandan – International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2023
The first two decades of the twenty-first century witnessed the blossoming of frameworks to conceptualize "21st-century skills" both in school and career. However, there is still a lack of consensus about what we are talking about when using the term "21st-century skills," as the existing frameworks on "21st-century…
Descriptors: 21st Century Skills, Research Reports, Educational Research, Trend Analysis
Lumbini Barua; Barbara Lockee – TechTrends: Linking Research and Practice to Improve Learning, 2025
The article highlights the growing significance of flexible assessment in higher education as institutions adapt to the increasingly diverse needs of their student populations. The demand for customizable educational experiences, heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic, has made flexibility in assessment essential for sustaining and improving student…
Descriptors: College Faculty, College Students, Adaptive Testing, Alternative Assessment
Kurdi, Ghader; Leo, Jared; Parsia, Bijan; Sattler, Uli; Al-Emari, Salam – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2020
While exam-style questions are a fundamental educational tool serving a variety of purposes, manual construction of questions is a complex process that requires training, experience, and resources. This, in turn, hinders and slows down the use of educational activities (e.g. providing practice questions) and new advances (e.g. adaptive testing)…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Adaptive Testing, Natural Language Processing, Questioning Techniques
Chapelle, Carol A.; Voss, Erik – Language Learning & Technology, 2016
This review article provides an analysis of the research from the last two decades on the theme of technology and second language assessment. Based on an examination of the assessment scholarship published in "Language Learning & Technology" since its launch in 1997, we analyzed the review articles, research articles, book reviews,…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, Efficiency, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
