NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
Source
Applied Language Learning1
Publication Type
Information Analyses1
Journal Articles1
Education Level
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Showing one result Save | Export
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Gardner, Robert C. – Applied Language Learning, 1991
Reviews research conducted on adult populations dealing with correlates or predictors of proficiency in a second language. Four classes of individual difference variables are considered, including (1) attitudes and motivation; (2) language aptitude and intelligence; (3) language learning strategies; and (4) personality variables. (83 references)…
Descriptors: Adult Learning, Individual Differences, Language Proficiency, Learning Motivation