Framed by decolonial theory, this paper explores how language and literacy ideologies, including Anglonormativity, or the expectation that children should be proficient in a standardised version of English and are deficient if not, shape language and literacy practices in South African classrooms. While not legitimised, the use of fluid language…

The educational deficit in Guatemala, reflected in a high, chronic level of illiteracy, is only partly due to the existence of a large, multilingual Indian population. The high proportion of rural population and the ineffectiveness of the rural education program must be addressed to increase literacy in Guatemala. (Author/CB)

Examines language-of-instruction policies in primary schools in Burundi, arguing that the use of French makes it difficult for teachers to cover the entire syllabus and encourages a vocabulary-building rather than academic orientation. Students who do not go on to secondary school do not maintain functional literacy in French. (27 references)…