This article reviews major investigations that utilized discourse analysis as the method to examine classroom interactions. Discourse analysis is proposed as a valuable technique for educational evaluation. Included in the review are discussions of Bellack's teaching cycles, Sinclair and Coulthard's classroom discourse system, and Mehan's…

The concurrence between preservice teachers' self-evaluations and the ratings of their supervisors was investigated, after both student teachers and supervisors completed training designed to facilitate self-assessment and collegiate relationships. Self-reports of the trained teachers were in moderate agreement with ratings of supervisors. (PP)

This article surveys the history of individualized writing instruction. A theoretical rationale for such instruction is developed, and experimental studies dealing with individualized instruction are summarized. A model for individualized instruction, based on a student-centered approach, is presented. (CB)

This article argues that direct modeling by teacher education instructors would be more beneficial than videotaped models in helping students acquire and use specific skills. Research on modeling by cooperating teachers and videotapes is reviewed. (Author/MT)

Several current viewpoints concerning values education are identified and suggestions for a comprehensive approach to values education are offered. (JMF)

In the impress method, the teacher sits behind the student, reads a selection of material, and points to each word as s/he reads it. The student repeats what the teacher says and follows the teacher's finger. The objective is to cover as much material as possible at a normal pace. Comprehension is not required. Research studies are reviewed. (JN)

This paper reviews experiments conducted at CEMREL in St. Louis, on individual and group reinforcement for tutoring. It summarizes results on how reward structures relate to effective student cooperation and how rewards interact with other variables such as subject area, classroom size, and age. Further research issues are proposed. (SJL)

Researchers investigated whether using modern writing tools--mechanical pencils, felt-tip pens, and other devices--would improve the legibility of first-grade students' handwriting. Results showed that children using these tools wrote no better than those using primary pencils. Teachers' practices did influence legibility, however. (PP)

An examination of studies concerning the functional organization of languages in the bilingual brain discusses several variables. Factors that may contribute to the organization of language include age, language proficiency, literacy, reading skills, type of script, language specific factors, social acculturation, teaching method, and style. (CJ)

The major innovations in curriculum in the 1950s and 1960s included team teaching, individualized instruction, ethnic education, bilingual education, and consumer education. Curriculum for the future might involve communications, computers, international cooperation, and values. (JN)

Examples showing how educational practices can result in students' reading difficulties are taken from the problem areas of: classroom atmosphere, reading attitudes, parental reactions, dull or difficult reading materials, limited reading resources, teaching practices, overemphasis on skills, and the individual needs of students. (JN)

This article reviews research on the spacing effect (SE): the tendency, given an amount of study time, for spaced presentations of a unit of information to yield much better learning than massed presentations. SE's current status in the classroom and its implications for teacher education are discussed. (IAH)

The need for understanding how teachers learn to teach mathematics is proposed as a prerequisite for designing effective teacher education programs. Focus would be on: (1) teachers' beliefs about teaching; (2) what is being taught; (3) explanations about how their students learn; and (4) how those beliefs relate to instructional decisions. (PP)

The cloze procedure is a method of systematically deleting words in a selection of reading material and evaluating the success of the reader in accurately supplying the deleted words. One three-phase procedure for implementing cloze includes: presentation and preparation, preview and completion, and follow-up. Other suggestions for using the cloze…

From a review of the literature on modeling processes, observational learning, social learning theory, and vicarious concept learning by young children, the author draws guidelines for the teaching of abstractions to preschoolers. (SJL)