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Constructing and Reconstructing Scientific Ignorance: Ignorance Claims in Science and Journalism.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Stocking, S. Holly; Holstein, Lisa W. – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1993
Describes distinctions between ignorance and knowledge and examines scientists' use of ignorance claims in the construction of science and in science for public policy based on an interdisciplinary approach. Ignorance claims in journalism are also examined, including journalists' coverage of the claims of formal scientific discourse and of public…
Descriptors: Interdisciplinary Approach, Journalism, Policy Formation, Public Policy
Environmentalism and Science: Politics and the Pursuit of Knowledge.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Rycroft, Robert W. – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1991
Examination of the relationship between environmentalists and scientists concludes that environmentalism has had little impact on science. Topics discussed include the degree to which scientific research has become more applied; efforts to integrate and coordinate research projects; the synthesis of scientific information for policy purposes; and…
Descriptors: Policy Formation, Professional Occupations, Research Design, Scientific and Technical Information
Sound Arguments and Power in Evaluation Research and Policy-Making: A Measuring Instrument and Its Application.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Propper, Igno M. A. M. – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1993
Proposes an instrument for assessing the extent to which either sound arguments or power are found in scientific and political discussions. Empirical research is described that investigated the relation between the quality of evaluation research and the quality of discussion in policy-making processes in which the research is used. (Contains 47…
Descriptors: Discussion, Evaluation Research, Foreign Countries, Measurement Techniques
Data Access, Ownership, and Control: Toward Empirical Studies of Access Practices.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hilgartner, Stephen; Brandt-Rauf, Sherry I. – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1994
Examines how the new sociology of science can approach data access issues. A perspective is developed based on an analysis of the process of scientific production, data streams, and intellectual policy issues. (Contains 55 references.) (JLB)
Descriptors: Access to Information, Ethnography, Information Dissemination, Information Transfer
Data on the Federal Research System in the United States: What's Known and What's Not.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Chubin, Daryl E.; Robinson, Elizabeth M. – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1991
Discusses a study conducted by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) which examined the federally funded research system and the role of data for decision making in research policy. Highlights include data needs; research expenditures and personnel; the research process; measuring the outcomes of research; and the research evaluation process.…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Decision Making, Evaluation Methods, Expenditures
Systems of Organization and Allocation of National Resources for Scientific Research: Some International Comparisons and Conclusions for New Market Economies.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Weiss, Charles, Jr.; Passman, Sidney – Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 1991
Reviews science and technology policymaking in five countries with free-market economies: the United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Republic of Korea, and the United States. Implications for eastern European and other countries currently reorganizing toward domestic market economies and greater orientation toward world trade are discussed. (61…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Developmental Programs, Economic Development, Economics