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Bayesian Random-Effects Meta-Analysis with Empirical Heterogeneity Priors for Application in Health Technology Assessment with Very Few Studies
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Jona Lilienthal; Sibylle Sturtz; Christoph Schürmann; Matthias Maiworm; Christian Röver; Tim Friede; Ralf Bender – Research Synthesis Methods, 2024
In Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis, the use of weakly informative prior distributions is of particular benefit in cases where only a few studies are included, a situation often encountered in health technology assessment (HTA). Suggestions for empirical prior distributions are available in the literature but it is unknown whether these are…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Meta Analysis, Health Sciences, Technology
Meta-Analysis of Prevalence: "I"[superscript 2] Statistic and How to Deal with Heterogeneity
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Migliavaca, Celina Borges; Stein, Cinara; Colpani, Verônica; Barker, Timothy Hugh; Ziegelmann, Patricia Klarmann; Munn, Zachary; Falavigna, Maicon – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Over the last decade, there has been a 10-fold increase in the number of published systematic reviews of prevalence. In meta-analyses of prevalence, the summary estimate represents an average prevalence from included studies. This estimate is truly informative only if there is no substantial heterogeneity among the different contexts being pooled.…
Descriptors: Incidence, Meta Analysis, Statistics, Statistical Distributions
Estimating the Reference Interval from a Fixed Effects Meta-Analysis
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Cao, Wenhao; Siegel, Lianne; Zhou, Jincheng; Zhu, Motao; Tong, Tiejun; Chen, Yong; Chu, Haitao – Research Synthesis Methods, 2021
A reference interval provides a basis for physicians to determine whether a measurement is typical of a healthy individual. It can be interpreted as a prediction interval for a new individual from the overall population. However, a reference interval based on a single study may not be representative of the broader population. Meta-analysis can…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Statistical Analysis, Intervals, Computation
Bayesian Approaches to Fixed Effects Meta-Analysis
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Domínguez Islas, Clara; Rice, Kenneth M. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Bayesian methods seem a natural choice for combining sources of evidence in meta-analyses. However, in practice, their sensitivity to the choice of prior distribution is much less attractive, particularly for parameters describing heterogeneity. A recent non-Bayesian approach to fixed-effects meta-analysis provides novel ways to think about…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Evidence, Meta Analysis, Statistical Inference
Correct Standard Errors Can Bias Meta-Analysis
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Stanley, T. D.; Doucouliagos, Hristos – Research Synthesis Methods, 2023
Partial correlation coefficients are often used as effect sizes in the meta-analysis and systematic review of multiple regression analysis research results. There are two well-known formulas for the variance and thereby for the standard error (SE) of partial correlation coefficients (PCC). One is considered the "correct" variance in the…
Descriptors: Correlation, Statistical Bias, Error Patterns, Error Correction
Meta-Analysis of Full ROC Curves Using Bivariate Time-to-Event Models for Interval-Censored Data
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Hoyer, Annika; Hirt, Stefan; Kuss, Oliver – Research Synthesis Methods, 2018
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are the cornerstones of evidence-based medicine and inform treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of individual patients as well as policy decisions in health care. Statistical methods for the meta-analysis of intervention studies are well established today. Meta-analysis for diagnostic accuracy trials has also…
Descriptors: Medicine, Evidence Based Practice, Research Methodology, Meta Analysis