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Young-Suk Grace Kim; Alissa Wolters; Joong won Lee – Review of Educational Research, 2024
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate reading-writing relations. Beyond the overall relation, we systematically investigated moderation of the relation as a function of linguistic grain size (word reading and spelling versus reading comprehension and written composition), measurement of reading comprehension (e.g., multiple choice,…
Descriptors: Reading Writing Relationship, Reading Comprehension, Spelling, Age Differences
Young-Suk Grace Kim; Alissa Wolters; Joong won Lee – Grantee Submission, 2023
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate reading-writing relations. Beyond the overall relation, we systematically investigated moderation of the relation as a function of linguistic grain size (word reading and spelling versus reading comprehension and written composition), measurement of reading comprehension (e.g., multiple choice,…
Descriptors: Reading Writing Relationship, Reading Comprehension, Spelling, Age Differences

Kaufman, Nadeen L. – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1980
After a brief historical (Orton) and theoretical (Gibson) look at the phenomenon of reversals, two groups of studies are reviewed and evaluated. The first group involves neurological and psychological factors associated with reversals such as age and training. The second relates reversals to reading disabilities and to future reading achievement.…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Elementary Education, Etiology, Letters (Alphabet)