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Huang, Becky H. – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2016
Early foreign language (FL) programmes have grown rapidly worldwide in the past two decades, resting on the assumption that "earlier is better" for learning a FL. However, the majority of empirical studies that investigated the "earlier is better" hypothesis were conducted in naturalistic immersion contexts. Given the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Age, Immersion Programs

Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1989
A review of the research on Canadian immersion programs supports two notions regarding second language learning: (1) older learners may have as much learning success as younger learners, and in a shorter time period; and (2) integration of content teaching and language teaching is paramount in effective second language instruction. (29 references)…
Descriptors: Adult Learning, Adult Students, Age Differences, Comparative Analysis
Ottawa Board of Education (Ontario). – 1996
The report reviews current research findings related to the three entry points (early, middle, late) for French immersion programs in Ottawa (Ontario) elementary and secondary schools. It consists of: an executive summary and brief overview; an annotated bibliography covering authoritative immersion research reviews and reports published since…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Annotated Bibliographies, Bilingual Education, Comparative Analysis