Societies have striven through centuries to develop educational systems that would foster the most idealistic educational outcomes among learners. A brief overview of the existing body of knowledge on this issue shows the recurring patterns of underachievement and the growing rates of student drop-outs which have motivated psychologists and…

Societies have striven through centuries to develop educational systems that would foster the most idealistic educational outcomes among learners. A brief overview of the existing body of knowledge on this issue shows the recurring patterns of underachievement and the growing rates of student drop-outs which have motivated psychologists and…

This paper explores the professional development literature in the educational setting. The different literature pieces are aligned to a framework that requires effective professional development to focus on three concepts: content, context, and process. The content focuses on the "what" question in the programs while the context aims to…

This article reviews the relevant literature in regard to differentiation, multiple intelligences, and aesthetic representations. Next, it presents the methodology, reports findings, and discusses themes related to the authors' research questions. Finally, it concludes that tapping into students' multiple intelligence strength(s) is an excellent…

Is the world "flat" or is the world "spiky"? Although leading authors and thinkers [Florida, 2005] struggle to find the perfect metaphor for describing our 21st century global ecosystem, there is agreement that the landscape is shifting. There is overwhelming agreement that our current education system was designed and…

Howard Gardner's hypothesis of seven distinct types of intelligence is explained and each of the theorized intelligences is related to the theory of cognitive style. The article concludes that multiple intelligence theory is not about new "intelligences," but rather, a reframing of what others have defined as cognitive styles. (DB)

Examines the hypothesis that some people are verbal learners and some people are visual learners. Presented a battery of 14 cognitive measures related to the visualizer-verbalizer dimension to 95 college students and then conducted correlational and factor analyses. Results have implications for how to conceptualize and measure individual…

Many educational theorists in recent decades have argued for the plurality of forms of knowledge, both in the mind and in the curriculum. Two popular ways of conceptualizing this plurality have claimed that individual students either differ in their "learning styles" or possess "multiple intelligences". Both theories have encountered numerous…

Many writing teachers have a favorite way to configure a class, a favorite method of imparting knowledge, a preferred voice in which to speak. However, there is so much diversity among students in a writing classroom, especially a freshman writing classroom, that a writing teacher needs to take an eclectic approach and use a variety of teaching…

Music can become an indispensable part of outdoor education because music summons the basic connections that sustain human life. Outdoor education is challenged to reach beyond the traditional campfire and sing-a-long activities. Various works are cited regarding the relevance of music to multiple intelligence theory, logical-mathematics training,…

Three articles explore current research and theory regarding children's learning styles, covering: (1) four basic ways children approach learning and corresponding teaching methods; (2) "multiple intelligences" and new thought about the boundaries of innate ability; and (3) classroom teachers' perspectives and instincts about the mystery of…

The theory of multiple intelligence (MI) propounded by Gardner and Hatch suggests that human beings have seven distinct units of intellectual functioning, and that these units are actually separate intelligences with their own observable and measurable abilities. These intelligences were identified as logical-mathematical, linguistic, musical,…

This article gives an overview of key factors which need to be born in mind when planning for effective classroom differentiation, namely, long term planning, an equitable definition of exceptionality, consideration of multiple intelligences together with varying learning styles, and classroom strategies for differentiation and higher order…

Briefly reviews current understandings of learning that have direct implications for teaching practice, and includes references to other work that may be useful. Discusses five general topics: multiple domains of competence (multiple intelligences); socioemotional factors in cognitive processes; collaborative learning; pathways to competence; and…

A major reason for social promotion has been to avoid feelings of failure on the part of the student who has been failed in the past. Failure to achieve academically has meant that the involved student repeats a grade. Feelings of failure make for an inadequate self-concept and might well involve future failure in life. This paper examines which…