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Direct linkBruce, Susan M. – International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 2005
Most children who are congenitally deafblind are severely delayed in their communication development and many will not achieve symbolic understanding and expression. This article discusses developmental markers cited in the research literature as predictive of or facilitative of the development of symbolism. These markers include the growth toward…
Descriptors: Symbolic Learning, Cues, Object Permanence, Communication Disorders
Peer reviewedKoul, Rajinder K.; Schlosser, Ralf W.; Sancibrian, Sherry – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2001
This article reviews research on the role of symbolic, referent, and instructional variables on the acquisition of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) symbols by individuals with autism and severe speech and language impairments. Two vignettes illustrate findings of the review. (Contains references.) (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Autism, Children
