Literature indicates that there is limited research on the organizational decision processes to develop and deliver e-learning programs. In this paper, existing e-learning literature is analyzed in terms of macro level factors (national culture and organizational variables) and micro level factors (learner variables, instructional decisions,…

Discusses the concepts of instructional theory and their application in the design of instructional and training packages, particularly computer-assisted instruction programs. (12 references) (CLB)

Documents the process used to construct the definition of the field of instructional technology. A chronology of the development and the key factors that influenced the construction process are described. Issues confronted, including acceptable definition characteristics and the scope and nature of the domains, are covered. (13 references) (KRN)

Research on teacher planning, teachers' interactive decision making, and the relation between teachers' decisions and student outcomes is summarized. A cognitive psychological framework for analyzing teacher thinking is presented and applied to existing research on teacher planning and decision making. (DB)

Describes changes in the instructional designer's role with the development of intelligent computer assisted instruction (ICAI). A shift in decision-making from the design to the implementation phase of instruction is emphasized, as the designer writes rules that allow systems to select methods once instruction has begun. Seventy-nine references…

Research on teachers' judgments, instructional planning, and decision making during classroom interaction is reviewed. (MP)

In this paper, research on teachers' judgments, instructional planning, and decision making during classroom interaction is reviewed. Research studies chosen for this paper were selected on the basis of two fundamental assumptions: (1) Teachers behave reasonably in making judgments and decisions; and (2) Their behaviors are guided by their…

A review of the literature reveals little evidence that classroom decision making is an important component in teaching effectiveness. Studies investigating decision making before (preactive) and during (interactive) instruction indicate that teachers are preoccupied with activity flow and procedural concerns rather than with increasing student…

David C. Berliner's title paper is a research review which explores factors that can be controlled or influenced by teachers and that are known to affect student behavior, attitudes, and achievement. Pre-instructional factors include decisions about content, time allocation, pacing, grouping, and activity structures. "During-Instruction"…

Sociological research on teacher decision making in curriculum and instructional development is reviewed. The Institute for Research on Teaching (IRT) shares a number of concerns with this research, including the question of who determines content, the extent to which content covered covaries with social class and sex, and teachers' conceptions of…

In struggling to come to grips with essential skills for beginning educators, it helps to think of the requirements of teaching. Four basic requirements of teaching are: (1) curriculum planning and implementation; (2) instruction; (3) grouping of students; and (4) evaluation. For each of the four requirements of teaching, the teacher must…

A review of research on teacher decision making and planning outlines findings on teachers' judgments and classification of students, development of lesson plans, and decisions made while actively involved in instruction. Findings from a major study on student teaching are discussed as they apply to teacher decision making. Because the classroom…

The Strategic Training of Employees Model (STEM) is a comprehensive training framework that balances the need for training against the constraints existing within organizations. The STEM is based on advances in economic and educational research. The following are among the theories that lay at the STEM's foundation: reinforcement theory; social…