Background: To improve employment outcome, systematic research that is based on demandside needs is needed to clarify how employer practice factors can affect customized training efforts. Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the results of a scoping review to identify the best employer practices that are used to improve customized…

Executive function (EF) skills are the attention-regulation skills that make it possible to sustain attention, keep goals and information in mind, refrain from responding immediately, resist distraction, tolerate frustration, consider the consequences of different behaviors, reflect on past experiences, and plan for the future. As EF research…

Best practices in adult transition special education for moderate to severe students suggest student-centered planning that maximizes independence in adult life. Based on the above sources, school districts and governing boards would best serve moderate to severe transition special education students with increasing integration into the community…

This is an exploratory study suggesting ways of analysing challenges for developing countries in the move to greater inclusion of disabled children and young people in learning. The paper focuses on pedagogical challenges to realising more inclusive education. Pedagogy encompasses not only the practice of teaching and learning, but also the ideas…

The issue of group versus one-to-one instruction and training is explored through a review of research. Distinctions between the concept of individualized instruction and one-to-one instruction are presented. Discussion focuses on concerns of effectiveness, efficiency, and social benefits. Implications for educational programming and future…

The article presents a case for professional educators making a full commitment to individualized education for handicapped high school students with special reference to career preparation. (DLS)

The article examines various models of aptitude-treatment interaction that guide studies regarding differentiation of instruction based on learner characteristics with specific reference to individualization of instruction for special education pupils. The examination reveals scant evidence to support the notion of individualization. (Author/CL)

The paper presents a research review on individualization of instruction in special education. An initial section analyzes the concept and definitions of the term, noting similarities with such terms as adaptive instruction, differentiated instruction, and prescriptive teaching. Related concepts of independent study and self directed learning are…

The text of a conversation with a Florida special education administrator explores such aspects as the skills that are being tested, how standards were derived, the effects of testing on curricula, special diplomas, and the improvement in scores noted in the second year of the testing. (DLS)

This review of the literature finds an inconsistency between general education teachers' generally positive attitudes toward making instructional adaptations for students with disabilities and evidence that they are unlikely to alter their traditional whole-class instructional strategies. A lack of teacher training and limited school support are…

The paper, nearly half of which consists of appendixes, reports on a national survey investigating the relationship of individualized instruction for handicapped and gifted students to their placement, and the extent to which geographical area affects their placement and instruction. The literature is reviewed, focusing on legislation and…

An historical overview of events leading to the passage of Public Law 94-142 (The Education for All Handicapped Children Act) precedes a discussion of positive and negative outcomes of this legislation since its enactment in 1975. (JW)

The paper provides an overview of issues concerned with individual student differences including disabilities. Such issues concern: philosophical dilemmas in individualization, needed changes in methods instruction, effective inservice training and individualization, and state and university partnerships. (DB)

Both law and pedagogy require that educators address behavior interfering with educational progress for students with disabilities. The reauthorized Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA, 2004) and its predecessor, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 1997a), require individualized education program (IEP)…

Reviews effective inclusive teaching techniques, including multilevel instruction, activity-based and experiential learning, student-directed learning and self-determination, cooperative learning and peer collaboration, multiaged classrooms and heterogeneous grouping, individualized and adaptive instruction, teaching as facilitating student…