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Lisa N. Butterworth; Miranda L. Denham; Linda L. Hestenes – Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 2024
Disproportionality and inequity exist in the special education services that U.S. children receive based on factors such as race, geographic location, and resources of the school system. Overrepresentation and underrepresentation are both prevalent issues and can vary by region or school district and are likely due to multiple factors. Although…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Individualized Education Programs, Students with Disabilities, Critical Race Theory
Rachel Elizabeth Fish; Kenneth Shores; João M. Souto Maior – Exceptional Children, 2026
This essay provides a two-pronged critical assessment of a subset of the literature on racial disproportionality in special education: that which aims to estimate racial disparities among otherwise similar children. This body of research has shown that Black students are less likely than "comparable" White students to receive special…
Descriptors: Disproportionate Representation, Race, Special Education, African American Students
Cooc, North; Yang, Man – Multiple Voices for Ethnically Diverse Exceptional Learners, 2017
Thirty years after the Council for Exceptional Children's first symposium on Asian American youth with disabilities, this study synthesizes research on the key experiences of this population and their families. Results show that most studies focused on the views of Asian American parents, especially their perceptions of and attitudes toward…
Descriptors: Disproportionate Representation, Asian American Students, Children, Disabilities

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