Purpose: After World War II, an educational modernization process gained ground worldwide. International organizations such as UNESCO began to play a key role in the creation, development and dissemination of a new educational vision in different countries. This article examines the origin and development of this modernization process under the…

Strategic planning is a process by which the guiding members of an organization envision its future and develop tactics to achieve that future. This paper discusses the nature and purposes of strategic planning in educational organizations, and presents a 10-step generic model to illustrate the basic components of strategic planning. These 10…

Views the spectrum of opinions on curriculum issues as ranging from advocacy of measurable, programed, teacher-prepared objectives to advocacy of a flexible, limited, pupil-oriented framework. Also discussed are structuring the learning environment, existentialism vs behaviorism, process vs product, and other issues. (BP)

As an educational leader, in selecting a curriculum we must know our success as a knowledge-based economy will depend on how well schools equip young people with competencies the future will require, says Prof Geoff Masters. Within the school sector, efforts are being made at many levels--from classroom teachers to system managers--to enhance the…

This longitudinal study of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders builds on the research of Solorzano, who examined Ogbu's caste theory of educational attainment. When gender, socioeconomic status, locus of control, parental college aspirations, and academic achievement were controlled, this study found that African American youths' level of educational…

The Oregon Educational Act for the 21st Century was passed to restructure the public school system to address past shortcomings and to prepare for the future. The act provided a blueprint for 10 task forces appointed by the Superintendent for Public Instruction to explore ways to initiate and implement reform. This report contains summaries of…

This paper reports selected findings from a study of formal, institution-wide planning in the United States undertaken by the National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, located at the University of Maryland. The study included a review of higher education planning literature, a survey of administrators at 256 institutions, and…

Reviews various approaches to physical education curriculum work. Identifies limitations of the objectives approach and highlights limitations through a literature review and a case study, which examines practical consequences of institutionalizing an objectives approach. The paper suggests that the notion of curriculum work as craft presents an…

George Beauchamp's 1968 book, "Curriculum Theory," stresses the importance of developing subordinate constructs, or theoretical relationships, with other components of education, until ground rules are laid down through meanings ascribed to the term "curriculum". According to Beauchamp, theories have three functions: to…

This literature review seeks to provide an assessment of the current status of formal, institution-wide planning in higher education. It offers an overview of the roots and assumptions underlying the conduct of planning; summarizes higher education's experience with formal planning; and offers insights into factors that may limit its…

This conference report explores microelectronic technology, its effect on educational methods and objectives, and its implications for educator responsibilities. Two main areas were considered: the significance of the likely impact of the large scale introduction of microprocessors and microelectronics on commercial and industrial processes, the…

Examines the implications of calls for reform of secondary schools and teacher education. Focuses on meanings given to reform, including the possibility of reform as ritual and the technical rationality said to underlie the proposals. Considers how teacher education reform efforts might address critical questions not mentioned in the reports. (KH)

Schools can be marked by intense isolation among teachers, between teachers and administrators, and between parents and teachers. This research brief presents information about successful organizations and schools, where everyone understands and agrees on common goals. A clear vision, expressed through specific goals and high expectations, guides…

The United States has established 8 goals for schools to reach by the year 2000. Ways in which school can prepare for the first goal--"By the year 2000, all children in America will start school ready to learn"--are explored in this booklet. It discusses different aspects of children's readiness and what schools can do to prepare for…

Compares problems and practices of British public universities with those of the University of California. Topics discussed include administrative and authority patterns, decision-making processes, student characteristics, and planning objectives. (DB)