Praxis is the balance of pedagogical theory and practice. This literature review explores praxis from a critical lens in terms of identity for both students and teachers. The authors center their framework on Hawkins and Norton's (2009) five principles for critical language teaching. The first principle relates to the situated nature of the…

Calls for developing holistic environmental undergraduate programs that promote sustainability, recognize species equality, and achieve a balance between opposing values of Western society. Current undergraduate environmental education programs at Canadian universities overemphasize resource conservation, promote the dominant scientific worldview,…