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Khatib, Mohammad; Rezaei, Saeed; Derakhshan, Ali – English Language Teaching, 2011
This paper is a review of literature on how literature can be integrated as a language teaching material in EFL/ESL classes. First, it tracks down the place of literature in language classes from the early Grammar Translation Method (GTM) to Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) era. The paper then discusses the reasons for the demise and…
Descriptors: Educational Practices, English (Second Language), Grammar Translation Method, Communicative Competence (Languages)

Bamford, Julian; Day, Richard R. – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 1998
Four approaches to the teaching of second language (L2) reading are described (grammar-translation, comprehension questions/exercises, skills and strategies, and extensive reading) and their status in the reading classroom is examined, and important issues in L2 reading are then discussed, including word recognition, affective and sociocultural…
Descriptors: Attitudes, Classroom Techniques, Educational Strategies, Grammar Translation Method