Discusses issues concerning the formative evaluation process in instructional design models. Distinctions between formative and summative evaluation are described; expert evaluation and student evaluation techniques are explained; the status of formative evaluation is examined; and connoisseurship as evaluation is considered, including the…

Discusses the application of learning and instructional strategies in open and distance learning settings. Highlights include teaching and learning theories; materials development; distance learners; learning and instructional strategies; and a conceptual framework for applying learning and instructional strategies in open and distance learning…

Describes and compares formative evaluation approaches: expert review, developmental testing, three-stage model, learner verification and revision, and general approach to formative evaluation. Discussion of differences among approaches related to duration of try-out/revision cycle and recommendations for effective acquisition of data are…

The emergence and purpose of formative evaluation as a tool for curriculum developers is described. It is pointed out that formative evaluation seeks to establish the merit of instructional materials during their development, to modify and improve the design of instructional materials, and to establish their worth so they may be adapted for use in…

A detailed perspective on the current status of interactive videodiscs is provided, along with brief examples of their present uses in education. Considerations in program development and evaluation are also discussed. A substantial list of references accompanies the article. (Author/PP)

Traces the use of formative evaluation from World War I training films up to the detailed models and microcomputer technology currently employed. The influences of research techniques, psychometrics, and mass communications theory on evaluation methodologies are discussed, and advances such as the Program Analyzer are described. Extensive…

In a four-section final report with its focus on methodology rather than on findings of particular follow-up studies, this project addresses two needs--to identify, review, and analyze vocational student and employer follow-up efforts at local, state, and federal levels, and to prepare training materials useful to individuals or groups at all…

This report discusses the impact of and presents guidelines for developing a computer-aided instructional (CAI) system. The first section discusses CAI in terms of the need for the countries of Asia to increase their economic self-sufficiency. The second section examines various theories on the nature of learning with special attention to the role…