Uses several data sources to analyze the effects of reduced funding for human services on the voluntary sector in relation to services offered, use of professional personnel, reliance on service contracts, financing patterns, compensatory responses, and use of volunteers. Comments on the future status of volunteerism. (JAC)

In the past, educators have based their decisions on an assumption that schools would continue to grow in enrollment and resources. Educational literature too has focused on developmental and growth assumptions. Such assumptions may no longer be valid, as educational organizations are being confronted by problems of retrenchment and decline. This…

Examines the modernization of Scotland's higher education funding during the Thatcher years; trends in funding since 1995, when support based on unit costs was reduced; and the 1996 allocation of university funding based on research assessment. Concludes that continued emphasis on "efficiency-based savings" will increase teaching loads…

A summary of the National Institute of Education's anthology by the same title, this publication reviews 13 articles that discuss current shifts in school enrollment and their impact on the educational system. Topics covered include the demographic background to declining enrollments; the fiscal effects of decline; the management of decline;…

A conceptual framework for managing higher education during a period of no growth, based on a model developed for business organizations by Joseph Schumpeter, is examined. Five categories of innovations included: new products (courses), new methods (improving productivity), new markets (students), new productive factors (sources of income), and…

Describes the financial crises of higher education institutions in French-speaking Sub-Saharan African nations. Suggests that higher education is still overfunded in relation to other levels of education. Recommends more efficient spending and fewer, but better, students to improve the image of education in these nations. (CFR)

Emphasizing the effects of changes in social policy on black children, this report describes the federal administration's proposed and completed funding for social programs for fiscal years 1982-85 and outlines strategies for those interested in affecting program policy. Social programs are grouped under three main headings: (1) health and child…

Describes strategies of retrenchment currently used by social agencies in response to federal funding cuts, including attrition, lobbying, and across the board cuts. Alternative approaches are offered that might be more effective and garner public support for social welfare programs, such as improving management and setting priorities. (JAC)

This paper examines the extent to which special needs children are integrated in Manitoba; what the main concerns of the classroom teacher, the special educator, and the child are; and relevant teacher training activities. The possibility of a comprehensive service delivery system is seen as threatened by impending cut-backs in provincial funding.…

Cites six documents from the ERIC junior college collection that deal with financing community service programs. (AYC)

Describes the 1980s as a lost decade for Latin America, economically, politically, and educationally. Details the role of higher education during the decade of political upheaval. Stresses that, with appropriate funding, higher education in Latin America is on the threshold of improvement. (CFR)

Describes the impact of Marxism-Leninism on higher education in central and eastern Europe after World War II. Contends that the dramatic political changes in recent years call for a profound transformation in higher education. Asserts that, despite numerous difficulties, higher education in these nations has embarked on dramatic improvements.…

The future of community services in the Los Angeles Community College District is examined in light of current fiscal constraints and reductions in force. The report first examines the impact of Proposition 13 on community services throughout California and within the District. The increased reliance on permissive fees and self-supported programs…

Contends that the current condition of higher education in the Arab world is gloomy. Argues that international and domestic politics are the primary reason for this assessment. Predicts that improvement will not come until the political issues within the region are settled. (CFR)

The literature published during the decade of the 1970s relating to the support of higher and postsecondary education was analyzed to uncover trends, patterns, and discontinuities, and to forecast alternative directions and trends in the future support of college education. Seven broad topics were covered: general trends and the economics of…