Discusses the notion that knowledge grows exponentially and describes its growth mathematically by an exponential function. Growth patterns in subfields of knowledge or research areas are described citing related research. Interpretation of growth rate statistics and forecasts are included. Thirty-three references and statistics used for graphs…

The current state of multidimensional scaling using the city-block metric is reviewed, with attention to (1) substantive and theoretical issues; (2) recent algorithmic developments and their implications for analysis; (3) isometries with other metrics; (4) links to graph-theoretic models; and (5) prospects for future development. (SLD)