Training interventions can be evaluated by calculating return on investment (ROI) and cost-benefit analysis. The four-level model proposed by Kirkpatrick is the dominant evaluation model used. Calculating ROI has been a critical issue for trainers and executives, but only a few organizations have implemented the process that is considered as…

In the new economy, Americans need a strong foundation of basic skills and education to succeed in their adult roles as workers, family members, and citizens. Analysts estimate over 20 percent of Americans lack the foundation of basic skills and education they need. One way to understand how basic skills lead to success in the 21st century is to…