One out of every 11 postsecondary undergraduates report having a disability, and students with learning disabilities are the largest and fastest growing subgroup of this population. Although faculty are becoming more comfortable with providing students with learning disabilities accommodations as mandated by federal law, many instructors are using…

Demands of mainstream secondary and postsecondary settings on learning disabled (LD) students are reviewed, including demands to work independently with minimal teacher help and feedback, complete assignments, and gain information from large volumes of materials written at relatively high readability levels. Attempts to teach learning strategies…

Answers eight questions concerning the teaching of reading to handicapped children. Includes background information on Public Law 94-142, discussions of mainstreaming and "least restrictive alternatives," and suggestions about instructional practices for use with the handicapped learner. (MKM)

The paper questions whether the school consultation model which provides services to learning disabled students has a sound theoretical base. Included are an examination of 10 different models of consultation and their relationship to theory and a review of studies on facilitating the mainstreaming of learning disabled and other low achieving…

This literature review examines how full inclusion affects students' academic achievement and social behavior, and teachers' relationships with students in the general education classroom. Learning-disabled students fail to make satisfactory progress in an inclusive setting. Teachers support the inclusion concept, but acknowledge its inadequacy.…

The authors discuss how learning disabled (LD) children's beliefs about themselves may be affected by mainstreaming and how those beliefs may influence their social and achievement related behaviors. Using LD and nonLD elementary and junior high school students, a series of studies examined group differences on a variety of self report and…

A literature-based cognitive developmental approach to learning and instruction in mainstreamed settings is presented. The approach considers children with learning disabilities to be ineffective and inactive learners, and focuses on addressing learning skills for all children and emphasizing mutual support and communication within the classroom.…

In this research review of basic issues in learning disabilities, definitions, possible causes, prevalence, and identification of learning disabilities are discussed. Characteristics of learning disabled individuals are considered under five headings: perceptual and perceptual-motor disabilities, problems with attention and hyperactivity,…

Three review articles, six essays, and nine empirical studies on peer tutoring were assessed. Mainstreamed or integrated classrooms were found to be ideal locations for peer tutoring, providing support for the integration process, positive effects on self-esteem and achievement, aid in classroom management, and a reinforcing system for learning.…

This paper reviews the history of whole-language versus code-emphasis approaches to reading instruction. The paper concludes that students with severe learning disabilities may learn to read in a whole-language, mainstream classroom, if provided with supplemental instruction, a variety of instructional techniques, and appropriate intensity and…

This article discusses the relation between instruction prescribed by standardized commercial curricula and reading achievement of mainstreamed students with learning disabilities. An instructional template for use with these curricula is described and its results examined. Limitations of generic instructional procedures adapting mainstream…

The paper reviews selected research findings relative to the social acceptance/rejection and self-concept of handicapped students in regular classroom environments. Studies are limited to those involving educable mentally retarded, learning disabled, or behaviorally disordered children. (SBH)

Characteristics of secondary students with a learning disability in reading are reviewed, and the stages of reading development are outlined. Strategies for academic and social inclusion of these students are discussed, including peer tutoring, guided notes, cooperative learning, learning strategies, and teaching reading in the content area. (JDD)

Special education is under fire from within and without. Full inclusionists and detracking advocates want to abolish all "separatist" special education settings and "unjust" disability categories, tests, and placements; politicians and school administrators deplore special education's high costs. However, mainstreaming efficacy…

This article reviews 30 years of experience with French immersion second-language instruction and concludes that most children with learning disabilities can benefit from the experience of a bilingual (immersion) education. For children with language handicaps who need to learn a second language, bilingual (immersion) instruction is better than…