Testing students on information that they do not know might seem like a fruitless endeavor. After all, why give anyone a test that they are guaranteed to fail because they have not yet learned the material? Remarkably, a growing body of research indicates that such testing--formally known as "prequestioning" or…

Aptitude-treatment interaction research is reviewed, with particular emphasis on the interaction of achievement and instructional method. Previous research has suggested that students with lower prior achievement require maximal instructional support. Recent research on this relationship is reviewed, as well as the relationship between…