Examines types and frequency of coaching of learning at the middle school level and its relation to students' strategic-learning. Results reveal that instances of teachers' coaching of learning occurred in only 9% of the instruction segments and that students' strategic-learning activity was significantly related to teachers' coaching of learning.…

This publication reviews the research findings related to the verbal questioning behaviors and practices of teachers. It emphasizes current research related to the impact of questioning practices on student thinking, achievement, and attitudes. This includes questioning techniques and strategies, and approaches to the analysis of classroom…

Lesson structure (organization in terms of meaningful relationships among ideas or concepts) is a low-inference indicator of lesson organization in that it can be observed and objectively quantified. It affects achievement positively, and students generally rate lessons higher when the structure of the lesson is relatively high. Teachers vary in…

This study examined the differential effects of a course-based treatment (i.e., students' direct application of reading strategies to their own college texts) versus a content-based treatment (i.e., student application of reading strategies to texts provided in the reading class) on various measures of student achievement and psychological…