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The Effect of Pre-Event Instructions on Eyewitness Identification
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Baldassari, Mario J.; Moore, Kara N.; Hyman, Ira E., Jr.; Hope, Lorraine; Mah, Eric Y.; Lindsay, D. Stephen; Mansour, Jamal; Saraiva, Renan; Horry, Ruth; Rath, Hannah; Kelly, Lauren; Jones, Rosie; Vale, Shannan; Lawson, Bethany; Pedretti, Josh; Palma, Tomás A.; Cruz, Francisco; Quarenta, Joana; Van der Cruyssen, Ine; Mileva, Mila; Allen, Jessica; Jeye, Brittany; Wiechert, Sara – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Research on eyewitness identification often involves exposing participants to a simulated crime and later testing memory using a lineup. We conducted a systematic review showing that pre-event instructions, instructions given before event exposure, are rarely reported and those that are reported vary in the extent to which they warn participants…
Descriptors: Memory, Audiences, Attention, Observation
Jury Simulation Studies: To Exclude or Not to Exclude Participants Based on a Lack of Comprehension of the Case?
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Cullen, Hayley J.; Monds, Lauren A. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2020
Jury simulation research has been the subject of longstanding criticism in regards to ecological validity. One additional factor that has received little attention that may also impact the generalizability of this research relates to excluding participants based on their memory of, or their attention paid to, the case. In order to determine how…
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Simulation, Memory, Validity
Virtual Reality in Education: The Promise, Progress, and Challenge
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Lege, Ryan; Bonner, Euan – JALT CALL Journal, 2020
Virtual Reality (VR) has made significant inroads into both the consumer and professional sectors. As VR has matured as a technology, its overall practicality for use in education has also increased. However, due to the rapid evolution of the technology, the educational field struggles to stay informed of the latest advancements, changing…
Descriptors: Computer Simulation, Teaching Methods, Classification, Distance Education
iMinerva: A Mathematical Model of Distributional Statistical Learning
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Thiessen, Erik D.; Pavlik, Philip I., Jr. – Cognitive Science, 2013
Statistical learning refers to the ability to identify structure in the input based on its statistical properties. For many linguistic structures, the relevant statistical features are distributional: They are related to the frequency and variability of exemplars in the input. These distributional regularities have been suggested to play a role in…
Descriptors: Mathematical Models, Memory, Language Acquisition, Learning
Supporting Individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders:a Summary of Effective Practices
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Riggie, Jennifer; Xu, Tingting – Physical Disabilities: Education and Related Services, 2013
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a lifelong condition that significantly affects the individual's learning, development, behavior, family, and quality of life. Diagnosing children with this condition and providing effective supports is challenging for professionals because little intervention research has been performed with the…
Descriptors: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Student Needs, Teaching Methods, Special Needs Students
Cognitive Processes in Propositional Reasoning.
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Rips, Lance J. – Psychological Review, 1983
The ANDS (A Natural Deduction System) model, described in this article, is a psychological theory of propositional reasoning that makes explicit assumptions about memory and control in deduction. A computer simulation of the ANDS model yields proofs similar to those of untrained subjects. (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Computer Simulation, Deduction, Logical Thinking
A Composite Holographic Associative Recall Model.
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Metcalfe Eich, Janet – Psychological Review, 1982
A model of association formation, storage, and retrieval is described. Experiments which test new predictions derived from the model against human recall are reported. The model is applied to previous findings: prototype abstraction, the A-B A-D paradigm and the Osgood transfer surface. Previous models of memory are discussed. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Cues, Foreign Countries, Higher Education
Representation in Memory.
Rumelhart, David E.; Norman, Donald A. – 1983
This paper reviews work on the representation of knowledge from within psychology and artificial intelligence. The work covers the nature of representation, the distinction between the represented world and the representing world, and significant issues concerned with propositional, analogical, and superpositional representations. Specific topics…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Classification, Generalization, Literature Reviews
Information-Processing Models of Cognition.
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Simon, Herbert A. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1981
Reviews recent progress in modeling human cognition, in particular the use of computers in generating models. Topics covered include the information processing approach to cognition, problem solving, semantic memory, pattern induction, and learning and cognitive development. A 164-item reference list is attached. (JL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Computers, Concept Formation
A Retrieval Model for Both Recognition and Recall.
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Gillund, Gary; Shiffrin, Richard M. – Psychological Review, 1984
The Search of Associative Memory (SAM) model for recall is extended by assuming that a familiarity process is used for recognition. The model, formalized in a computer simulation program, correctly predicts a number of findings in the literature as well as results from an experiment on the word-frequency effect. (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Computer Simulation, Cues, Memory
An Instructional Strategy Planning Model to Improve Learning and Cognition.
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Tennyson, Robert D. – Computers in Human Behavior, 1988
Presents model of instructional strategy planning that links specific cognitive learning and thinking processes with specific computer-based instructional strategies. Topics discussed include memory systems; types of knowledge; drill and practice; tutorials; task-oriented simulations; problem-oriented simulations; and self directed experiences.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Simulation, Drills (Practice)