Eye movement modeling examples (EMMEs) are instructional videos (e.g., tutorials) that visualize another person's gaze location while they demonstrate how to perform a task. This systematic literature review provides a detailed overview of studies on the effects of EMME to foster observers' performance and learning and highlights their differences…

Reviewing the Comparator Hypothesis is an article review that explores the historical concepts in research that led to exploring performance as a distinctive process of learning. British empiricist philosophers were interested in thoughts not behavior which led traditional learning theorist's main focus on acquisition processes. However, the…

In our cognitive motivational process model (Vollmeyer & Rheinberg, "Zeitschrift fur Padagogische Psychologie," 12:11-23, 1998) we assume that initial motivation affects performance via motivation during learning and learning strategies. These variables are also central for self-regulation theories (e.g., M. Boekaerts, "European Psychologist,"…

Defines metacognition and describes the effects of incorporating metacognitive aspects into instructional design. Three types of knowledge--declarative, procedural, and conditional--are discussed as necessary components of metacognitive awareness, and positive effects on the learner in terms of motivation and performance are described. (Author/LRW)

A quantitative research synthesis (meta-analysis) was conducted on the literature concerning the effects of feedback on learning from computer-based instruction (CBI). Despite the widespread acceptance of feedback in computerized instruction, empirical support for particular types of feedback information has been inconsistent and contradictory.…

The question of whether performance measures may be more accurate than examination methods to assess an individual's abilities and knowledge is examined, based on a literature review. An information processing view that focuses on the internal activities of thinking and the relationship to external stimuli is considered. Information processing…

Literature since 1975 concerning the interaction of domain-specific and strategic knowledge on academic performance was reviewed. Focus was on critically analyzing the literature; presenting hypotheses about the interaction; and offering recommendations for future research leading, perhaps, to an information-processing model that captures the…