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Schwinger, Malte; Trautner, Maike; Pütz, Nadine; Fabianek, Salome; Lemmer, Gunnar; Lauermann, Fani; Wirthwein, Linda – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2022
Self-handicapping is a maladaptive strategy that students employ to protect their self-image when they fear or anticipate academic failure. Instead of increasing their effort, students may harm their chances of success by procrastinating, strategically withdrawing effort, or engaging in destructive behaviors like drug abuse, so that potential…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Self Destructive Behavior, Time Management, Withdrawal (Psychology)