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Baars, Martine; Wijnia, Lisette; de Bruin, Anique; Paas, Fred – Educational Psychology Review, 2020
Research has shown a bi-directional association between the (perceived) amount of invested effort to learn or retrieve information (e.g., time, mental effort) and metacognitive monitoring judgments. The direction of this association likely depends on how learners allocate their effort. In self-paced learning, effort allocation is usually data…
Descriptors: Correlation, Individual Power, Self Management, Learning Processes
Cox, Brian D.; And Others – 1987
As an aid to contemporary research, this paper examines historical ideas about young children's use of strategies for memorization and the transfer of such strategies to different contexts. Discussion focuses on (1) current approaches to inducing transfer of strategies; (2) Thorndike and Woodworth's concept of identical elements; (3) Gestalt…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Memorization, Problem Solving, Theories

Sylwester, Robert – Educational Leadership, 1985
Research identifies two interrelated memories--one that retains facts and symbols and one that retains motor and problem-solving skills. These and other findings challenge educators to determine what students should memorize, to help them move from random memorization to creating useful concepts, and to teach students to use memory in problem…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Educational Strategies, Encoding (Psychology), Learning Processes
Chi, Michelene T. H. – Human Development, 1985
Explanations for memory development have tended to focus on acquistion of general strategies and metaknowledge. Recently, emphasis has been given to the knowledge base as a whole, including general world-knowledge and domain-specific knowledge and procedures. Evidence is presented from the memory development literature showing why strategies and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Educational Research, Elementary Secondary Education
Rafoth, Mary Ann; DeFabo, Leonard – 1990
This monograph reviews the research findings related to study skills and provides a limited number of examples. The monograph emphasizes the relationship of information processing theory to effective teaching and learning, and details the growth of interest in metacognition. It reviews existing programs that teach study skills and discusses the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Elementary Secondary Education, Independent Study, Information Processing