India is the second-largest tribal population in the world. However, after the seven decades of independence, the tribal groups are disadvantaged and socially backward from the cycle of growth in many areas such as health, education, employment, and empowerment, and more. Among these, for tribal society, education is an essential requirement. The…

The provision of special education for students with disabilities depends upon the availability of well-qualified special educators, which, in turn, depends upon the availability and characteristics of preparation programs. In countries of the world where special education systems are still developing the capacity to provide the education that…

In recent years, growing knowledge of the critical importance of early childhood development for lifelong learning and growth had led to increased calls for the professionalism of early childhood educators, including higher standards for their training and education. As part of this attention to professional development, many states are…

This article reviews the history of educational programs for deaf and hard-of-hearing students in Canada and the United States. It notes the educational options now offered, ranging from separate schools to full integration in public school programs. The greater recognition of American Sign Language and the activism of the deaf community are also…

This monograph examines educational programs for students who are gifted and talented in the visual arts, through a review of the literature on gifted/talented education and art education and examination of programming opportunities. Relevant educational history from 1850 to the present is reviewed. The research review encompasses four national…

This report provides a national overview of programs and practices relating to vocational education opportunities for older persons as reflected in current literature, a review of state plans, and a survey of state programmatic efforts. In addition to providing a basis for further project development efforts, the report is intended as a resource…

In 1984 the California Legislature enacted Assembly Concurrent Resolution 83 (ACR 83), which established specific goals for enhancing the participation and success in postsecondary education of students from economic, racial, and ethnic backgrounds historically underrepresented in higher education. The Postsecondary Education Commission was…

Three papers discuss the needs, interests, and participation of adults in learning activities. Generally, the papers deal with influences upon the possible demand for lifelong learning in the future. In the first paper K. Patricia Cross synthesizes findings from thirty-one state and national studies concerning the patterns of participation and…

In England, adult education became widespread as industrialization fed the demand for popular democracy. A marked shift from practical to leisure-based adult education occurred after World War II. More recently, policymakers have acknowledged the broader aims of education, including social inclusion and creation of a learning society. More than…

This booklet explains the features and benefits of learning communities and summarizes Australia's experience with them. Part 1 traces the history of learning communities from the 1970s through the present, presents several definitions of the term "learning community," lists reasons for becoming a learning community, and explains the…

One way for colleges to meet the demand for a wider range of learning opportunities for adults in Great Britain is to provide more flexibility within the further education system. The concept of flexible learning involves the modification of delivery systems, specific providing agencies, target populations, specific determinants such as geographic…

Despite the fact that a majority of urban educators remain optimistic about the future of city schools, urban high schools face significant challenges. Many recent developments in high school reform have important implications for career and technical education (CTE) programs in urban high schools. Publications on reforming secondary education…