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Lisa N. Butterworth; Miranda L. Denham; Linda L. Hestenes – Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 2024
Disproportionality and inequity exist in the special education services that U.S. children receive based on factors such as race, geographic location, and resources of the school system. Overrepresentation and underrepresentation are both prevalent issues and can vary by region or school district and are likely due to multiple factors. Although…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Individualized Education Programs, Students with Disabilities, Critical Race Theory
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Dosun Ko; Dian Mawene; Yehyang Lee; Sumin Lim; Jahyun Yoo – Exceptional Children, 2025
In the U.S. education system, students of color experience multiple forms of marginalization at the intersection of markers of difference. These injustices manifest in multiple forms, such as higher rates of inappropriate referrals to special education, misidentification, conferring stigmatizing labels, and subsequently placing students of color…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, Policy Analysis, Equal Education, Racism