Purpose: Among the gold standards in human resource development (HRD) research are studies that test theoretically developed hypotheses and use experimental designs. A somewhat typical experimental design would involve collecting pretest and posttest data on individuals assigned to a control or experimental group. Data from such a design that…

Describes the strengths and weaknesses of a new type of multivariate technique, covariance structure analysis (LISREL). Provides a detailed example which shows how the use of covariance structure analysis can improve research sophistication and theory development in counseling psychology. (Author/ABB)

Contrasts aptitude by treatment interaction (ATI) and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) methods for making cross-level inferences between individual-level and group-level factors in school effectiveness research. Recommends HLM when intraclass correlations are high. ATI is suitable when intraclass correlations are low, but partitioning the…