The challenges teachers face with virtual learning existed previously but were heightened by the quick move from in-person to virtual learning caused by the pandemic. Researchers have investigated virtual learning for students with disabilities and have made recommendations including supplemental online resources for individualization and…

Reports on over 600 research studies which compare learning in cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures have been collected at the Cooperative Learning Center at the University of Minnesota. From these studies it has been concluded that having students work together is much more powerful than having students work alone,…

This study assessed the theoretical, empirical, and normative evidence addressing the issue of individualized science instruction. The literature on the subject was reviewed and an annotated bibliography prepared with entries grouped into categories asking: (1) Is there a need for individualization in science education? (2) Can individualized…

Reviews possibilities of computer-assisted instruction in specialized technical courses, math and science, foreign languages, and basic skills. Reviews problems associated with change and new theories of learning and instruction. Includes reference list. (MD)

Emphasis in instructional technology has shifted from programed to individualized to computer-based instruction. Programed and individualized instruction have had limited success in raising student achievement and improving attitudes, while computer-based instruction has raised achievement, positively affected time needed for teaching and…

Seventeen selected research studies relating student learning with teacher characteristics and personality in grades 7-12 science classrooms are reviewed. Methodology, objectives, and major findings of the 1960 "Teacher Characteristics Study" and short summaries of nine additional studies are considered in the first section dealing with…

This reivew of research examines the effectiveness of computer-assisted-instruction (CAI) in raising the achievement levels of students at various levels and areas of instruction. The review studies four main categories of material written about CAI: (1) opinion papers; (2) descriptions of available hardware; (3) reports evaluating the…