Using multiple representations (MR) such as graphs, symbols, diagrams, and text, is central to teaching and learning in physics classrooms. While different studies have provided evidence of the positive impact of the use of MR on physics learning, a comprehensive overview of existing literature on the use of MR in physics education, especially at…

Discusses key areas in science that require students to have a well-developed sense of numeracy for full understanding. Suggests that some of the difficulties students have with numeracy arise from not distinguishing between the teaching of facts and skills and teaching through conceptual understanding. Makes some recommendations for correcting…