Interest in recent years has centered on the purposes, forms, effects, and magnitude of private sector training of employees. Demand for detailed and accurate information on these subjects has arisen within idustry itself, within government agencies, education and research institutions, and organized labor. This monograph is an attempt to supply a…

This paper reviews evidence from industry-specific and case studies that shed light on the extent to which computers and automation eliminate jobs, raise job skill requirements, and, consequently, contribute to increased wage inequality between less- and more skilled workers. This paper complements a previous review of large-scale econometric…

This report presents innovative vocational training (VT) initiatives to improve integration of low-skilled workers into lifelong learning and the labor market. Chapter 1 describes study structure and methodology. Chapter 2 addresses the theoretical basis for observing innovations. It analyzes the definition and significance of innovation in system…