This article provides a summary and critique of the technical development of the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey. Describes the scales and the procedural checks within the survey. Also discusses gender differences as well as cultural and ethnic differences. (Author/MKA)

This study examined the ethnic and gender differences in the levels and predictors of distress among Vietnamese (N=867), Cambodian (N=590) and Laotian (N=723) refugees. The findings showed that for all 3 groups, refugee women reported a significantly higher level of psychological distress than their male counterparts. (Contains 36 references and 3…

In an attempt to understand differences and commonalities in international feminism, a typology is presented and discussed. The study deals with feminist theory in the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States. The typology is based on the concept of difference. Two groups are used in the classification…

The article reviews the application of Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) on the performance of the sexes based on scholarly achievements. It also compares the result of the RPM to Standard Progressive Matrices and to Colored Progressive Matrices. (TLJ)

Examines polydrug use among adolescents residing in an inner-city region by Hispanic ethnicity (Puerto Rican versus Dominican) and gender. Results indicate that in the first year of middle school, gender moderated the effect of Hispanic ethnicity on lifetime polydrug use. Concludes that both Hispanic ethnicity and gender mattered in determining…

Reports findings of national survey on school violence in Israel. Revealed high rates of violence in all areas and among all age groups, but relatively higher rates of low-level violent behaviors and lower rates of more severe violent events. Reports on age-related, gender, and cultural differences; discusses social workers' roles in shaping…

Tests the universal nature of stress and coping behavior among overseas college students in China and provides basic information towards understanding the problems that result from stress and coping which can best be defined in cultural terms. Results indicated that academic and interpersonal sources of stress were the most common Stressors…

Evaluates sex and ethnic differences in perceived career-related and educational barriers and coping efficacy among college students (N=286). Results reveal that women and ethnic minorities anticipated significantly more career-related barriers. Ethnic minorities also exhibited more perceived educational barriers and lower self-efficacy for coping…

Poses questions intended to stimulate more effective strategies to ensure gender, racial, and ethnic diversity in the counseling profession. Inconsistencies are noted between the strategies now being used to achieve diversity and the philosophical foundations of the counseling profession itself. Makes seven recommendations. (Author/RB)

Using meta-analysis to examine literature on sex differences in child competitiveness, finds an overall tendency for males to be more competitive than females, but also finds that analysis within cultures indicates that this trend is not universal. Propounds the usefulness of meta-analysis in conjunction with cross-cultural comparison. (Author/GC)

Presents and contrasts a difference/cultural versus dominance/power-based approach to studying sex differences in language use. The first approach is critiqued and suggestions are provided for further research. (69 references) (LT)

Latino and Latina sexual attitudes and behaviors must be understood if educators and counselors hope to reach this population with effective sexuality and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) information and education. The general U.S. Latino population is mostly sexually conservative; direct talk in public…

This article discusses the application of self-efficacy beliefs on career development. This theory was introduced by Hackett and Betz (1981) and has received many extensive studies. There are many factors that may influence career self-efficacy such as gender, culture, parental, and family backgrounds. The methods of increasing career…

A literature review describes several dimensions of cognitive styles in an effort to illustrate individual stylistic differences. Discusses the field dependence-independence dimension, taking into account age, sex, and cultural differences. Suggests that cognitive style theory needs to be structured in a broader theoretical framework. (NH)

Illustrates evolving concepts of leadership: set of individual traits, set of behaviors, transaction, manipulation of organizational culture, a transformative force. Considers gender and cultural differences, trends in leadership training, and constraints of productivity as a goal of leadership. (SK)