University Examination Timetabling Problem is the most important combinational problem to develop a conflict-free timetable to execute all of the exams in and with the limited timeslots and other resources for universities, colleges or schools. It is also an important Nondeterministic Polynomial Time (NP)-hard problem that has no deterministic…

Background and Context: Computational thinking (CT) has been increasingly added to K-12 curricula, prompting teachers to grade more and more CT artifacts. This has led to a rise in automated CT assessment tools. Objective: This study examines the scope and characteristics of publications that use machine learning (ML) approaches to assess…

Artificial intelligence (AI), as an emerging technology, has been widely used in STEM education to promote the educational assessment. Although AI-driven educational assessment has the potential to assess students' learning automatically and reduce the workload of instructors, there is still a lack of review works to holistically examine the field…

In chemistry, reasoning about the underlying mechanisms of observed phenomena lies at the core of scientific practices. The process of uncovering, analyzing, and interpreting mechanisms for explanations and predictions requires a specific kind of reasoning: mechanistic reasoning. Several frameworks have already been developed that capture the…