Over 40% of U.S. Latinx students complete higher education in community colleges. These students' retention, persistence, graduation, and transfer rates are notably lower than those of Latinx students in other higher education settings. To understand these differences, we systematically reviewed and content analyzed the peer-reviewed psychological research literature, finding 23 psychological correlates, organized into nine themes across five socioecological system levels. We discuss implications and expand on the importance of considering the interactions among systems.