Reviews the literature regarding tutoring programs to learn about motivating students who were having academic difficulties but reluctant to use tutoring services. Summarizes student support issues and tutor training recommendations. (JOW)

Discusses the selection and training of student tutors for college reading programs, the supervision of tutors, and studies of the effectiveness of college-level peer tutoring programs. (GT)

This paper presents a brief overview of research relevant to early childhood education, reviews some recent intervention programs for preschool and kindergarten children, and investigates the need for policymakers to establish programs based on research findings. Particular attention is given to an intervention research study conducted with…

The educational literature on tutoring programs indicates definite and positive effects on the academic performance and attitudes of those who receive tutoring. Such students outperform their peers on examinations, and they express more positive attitudes toward the subjects in which they are tutored. Tutoring programs also have positive effects…

Reviews studies of psychosocial variables that maximize outcomes in peer tutoring programs. Considers research on tutoring behaviors and their relation to outcomes; effective tutorial instruction methods; expectations and attributions in tutoring settings; tutorial roles and student pairings; and cooperative learning formats. Makes recommendations…

This article summarizes the literature on peer, cross-age, and reverse-role tutoring as an intervention with students with learning disabilities, discusses the effects of reverse-role tutoring on reading achievement and perception of self-worth of tutors, and outlines critical components necessary for a successful tutoring project. (Author/JDD)

This article reviews the use of computer-based technology in teaching reading to students with disabilities. Research from the last 10 years is examined using the metaphors of Tutor, Tool, and Agent as categories of instructional purpose. Most of the substantive data supporting computer use concerns drill and practice and tutorial assisted…

Describes tutoring models and compares instructional strategies classified as organizational, delivery, and management strategies, in those models that have been found effective: Literacy Volunteers, Laubach Literacy, Structured Tutoring, Programmed Tutoring, Peer-Mediated Instruction, and the Audio-Tutorial System. Tutoring cost-effectiveness and…

Examines reasons for community colleges' return to mandatory testing and placement in courses/programs where students have a reasonable expectation of success. Looks at the use and success of other retention strategies, including orientation programs, tutors, and integrated support services. (DMM)

Although there are three main computer-assisted instruction (CAI) formats (drill and practice, simulation, and tutorial), tutorial format is particularly suitable to conceptual school subjects because this format: (1) explains the concept of the text; (2) tests the understanding of the topic; and (3) selects the next step of the subject. When a…

Argues that while the writing laboratory cannot solve all problems inherent in teaching writing, it is a rich resource for both student and instructor. (MM)

This review examines non-North American ideas about reading difficulties. Noted is the success of such tutorial programs as Reading Recovery, used in Australia, the United States, and New Zealand. The potential of a Vygotskian perspective on assessment and teaching for children experiencing reading difficulties is outlined. (Author/DB)

Findings are examined from studies published from 1980 to the present concerning the effects of peer tutoring on mathematics performance. Findings indicate the effectiveness of peer tutoring in promoting significant cognitive gains for both the tutor and the tutee with populations of low achievers, mildly handicapped, or socially disadvantaged…

This study reports the results of a best-evidence synthesis of research on the use of one-to-one tutoring delivered by adults to students in the primary grades who are learning to read. The synthesis includes research on five programs: Reading Recovery, Success for All, Prevention of Learning Disabilities, the Wallach Tutorial Program, and…

Results from 13 studies on tutorial programs for social acceptance and academic achievement showed significant gains when involving educable mentally retarded, learning disabled, and behaviorally disordered elementary students as tutors. The studies involved cross-age and peer tutoring roles in both resource tutoring and total class tutoring…