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Early Response-to-Intervention Measures and Criteria as Predictors of Reading Disability in the Beginning of Third Grade
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Beach, Kristen D.; O'Connor, Rollanda E. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2015
We explored the usefulness of first and second grade reading measures and responsiveness criteria collected within a response-to-intervention (RtI) framework for predicting reading disability (RD) in third grade. We used existing data from 387 linguistically diverse students who had participated in a longitudinal RtI study. Model-based predictors…
Descriptors: Response to Intervention, Reading Difficulties, Predictor Variables, Criteria
Language Outcomes at 12 Years for Children Exposed Prenatally to Cocaine
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Lewis, Barbara A.; Minnes, Sonia; Short, Elizabeth J.; Min, Meeyoung O.; Wu, Miaoping; Lang, Adelaide; Weishampel, Paul; Singer, Lynn T. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2013
Purpose: In this study, the authors aimed to examine the long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on the language development of 12-year-old children using a prospective design, controlling for confounding prenatal drug exposure and environmental factors. Method: Children who were exposed to cocaine in utero (PCE; "n" = 183)…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Cocaine, Drug Abuse, Comparative Analysis