Background: Chronotype refers to individuals' preference for morning or evening activities. Its two dimensions (morningness and eveningness) are related to a number of academic outcomes. Aims: The main goal of the study was to investigate the incremental validity of chronotype as a predictor of academic achievement after controlling for a number…

Context: Illicit drug use is common in rural areas, but very little research has investigated rural populations' access to drug abuse services. Purpose: To describe the current state of the scientific literature on access to drug abuse services in rural areas and suggest directions for future research. Methods: We performed a literature review of…

Discusses the findings of the 1986 National Institute on Drug Abuse household survey. Points out the limitations of the survey and identifies trends associated with drug use. Reviews current efforts in dealing with the drug problem and recommends specific policy changes. (ML)

The introduction of cocaine smoking in the l970s revolutionized cocaine use patterns in the United States. The history of cocaine freebase is described. The importance of health educators addressing the myths regarding cocaine smoking is emphasized. (MT)

Offers a partial listing of citations in the ERIC database on the history of drug use in the United States. Includes items concerning regional needs assessment, alcoholic students, and drug abuse. Suggests articles on efforts and legislation toward drug control, the status of drug education, and the controversies of drug testing. (DK)

Addresses the problems associated with the effectiveness of drug prevention strategies. Argues that prevention programs must be tailored to the characteristics of the user, the drug, and the use. Comments on why school-based programs have had little or no impact. (ML)

Presents basic information on psychopharmacology and discusses the major antipsychotic, antidepressant, anti-anxiety, and lithium salt medications used with adults. The importance and implications of psychopharmacology for the counseling profession are highlighted. (Author)

The prompt, fair handling of students involved in the use and abuse of drugs in the school setting is effective in altering the behavior of students. (Author/MLF)

Offers guidelines from the chief of security services of a Maryland school district on how to handle three hypothetical disciplinary situations in schools involving fights, student drug use, and trespassers. (RW)

An examination of two dozen recent court decisions dealing with teacher dismissal for drug-related incidents reveals that the facts of each case, not traditional guidelines, determine the legality of the action. (Author/MLF)

The article presents information on psychotrophic drugs used with behaviorally disordered students (stimulants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and lithium), including desired effects and side effects. Guidelines for teachers and other school personnel who work with students on medication are also provided. (Author/JW)

Reviews and discusses current information on the human renal response as related to beta-blockers (antihypertension agents). Topic areas considered include cardioselectivity, renal hemodynamics, systemic hemodynamics, changes with acute and chronic administration, influence of dose, and others. Implications and an 11-item multiple-choice self-quiz…

Examines Fourth Amendment legal issues involved in drug testing of public employees. Discusses several recent court cases involving probable cause and reasonable suspicion to determine appropriate standards for individual situations. Outlines implications for public employers. Blanket drug testing is not permissable, though job applicants have…

Discusses the results of a survey of alcohol and drug usage among 9- to 13-year-old children (N=2,107) in central Indiana as well as sociological concerns regarding this trend. Gives suggestions for counselors that would affect this problem. (Author/BH)

A laboratory exercise for dental students is presented using a toxic dose of lidocaine in place of an anesthetic dose of pentobarbital. The use of lidocaine demonstrates its toxic and lethal actions and increases the relevance of the experience for dental students. (Author/MLW)