Forces which have influenced the shifting of moral foundations and their potential influence on the field of education are explained in this paper. Two categories of systems--soft and hard--are reviewed. A system 'hardens' when the emphasis on the application of a technique becomes more important than serving the purposes for which the technique…

Discusses the use of simulations to study complex real-life systems in engineering. Describes some of the limitations of using simulations. Identifies some situations in which computer simulations are practical and useful tools for the design, analysis, and evaluation of systems. (TW)

Interior parts of educational buildings deteriorate or become obsolete as programs change and facilities get reassigned. Space realignment, renewal, and replacement (SR3) is a concept for budgeting the necessary funds to prevent deterioration of physical facilities. (Author/MLF)

A construction management firm and the architects working with the firm provided San Diego with ten elementary schools that were delivered on schedule, within cost, and met or exceeded the basic design criteria. (Author/MLF)

A preengineered building has the advantages of factory production and computerized quality control. Insulation efficiency and a roofing system that enables the entire roof membrane to react a full two inches to any temperature-induced movement are two of the innovations of preengineered building research. (Author/MLF)

Discusses the following aspects of the design of mechanical and electrical systems to meet the various requirements of libraries: (1) library planning teams; (2) raised floors; (3) lighting considerations; (4) air quality; (5) acoustics; and (6) climate controls. The importance of adaptability to meet future needs is stressed. (MES)