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Kexiao, Lei – International Review of Education, 1980
Describes the structure of the Chinese rural school system and its operational ties to the communes, which provide the "productive labor" component of Chinese education, various resources and facilities for schools, and governance of agrotechnical education at the middle and secondary level. (SJL)
Descriptors: Agricultural Education, Collective Settlements, Communism, Community Control
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Robinson, Jean C. – Comparative Education Review, 1986
Chinese "people-managed schools" began in the 1940s as popular voluntary village schools providing flexible relevant education to rural peasants, but are regarded today as low status and low quality. This change reflects the Chinese Communist Party's incremental move away from both decentralized decision making and populist education to…
Descriptors: Community Control, Community Schools, Decentralization, Educational Development
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Wang, Chengzhi – International Journal of Educational Development, 2002
China's "minban" (people-managed) schooling was an important instrument for delivering educational and political values to poor areas during Mao's era. Despite national policy aimed at eliminating poorly-qualified minban teachers by 2000, rural communities have been reluctant to dismiss such teachers, given the rural teacher shortage and…
Descriptors: Community Control, Community Schools, Educational Change, Educational Development