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Trenkler, Dietrich; Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2004
In this note 4 x 4 most-perfect pandiagonal magic squares are considered in which rows, columns and the two main, along with the broken, diagonals add up to the same sum. It is shown that the Moore-Penrose inverse of these squares has the same magic property.
Descriptors: Mathematics Activities, Matrices, College Mathematics, Mathematical Formulas
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Ching, W.-K.; Lee, M. S. – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology, 2005
This short note introduces an interesting random walk on a circular path with cards of numbers. By using high school probability theory, it is proved that under some assumptions on the number of cards, the probability that a walker will return to a fixed position will tend to one as the length of the circular path tends to infinity.
Descriptors: Probability, Mathematical Concepts, High Schools, Mathematics Education